ACT
The test required or accepted at all public and many private universities in Kentucky. It has four sections — English, math, reading and science reasoning — and an optional writing exam. Scores are used for admissions purposes, awarding scholarships and placing students in special programs and honors courses.
Alternative loan
See private loan.
Associate’s degree
Awarded after 15 months to two years of study. Associate’s degrees include:
• Associate of arts (AA) or associate of science (AS), often transferable to four-year colleges. Courses can be applied toward a bachelor’s degree.
• Associate in applied science (AAS) in a technical area meant to lead directly to a job. Most courses cannot be applied toward a four-year degree.
• Associate in applied technology (AAT) in a technical area meant to lead directly to a job. Most courses cannot be applied toward a four-year degree.
Bachelor’s degree
Generally awarded after four to five years of study. The most common are bachelor of arts (BA) and bachelor of science (BS).
Capitalization
Adding the interest on an unsubsidized loan to the principal instead of paying it while you’re in school. This means your principal will be more, and so will your monthly payments.
Certificate
(1) Given in a nondegree program, usually in a vocational or technical area, to prepare for a specific occupation. Certificate programs generally last six to 12 months.
(2) Given in a specialized field at the postgraduate level, as in certain fields of medicine.
CLEP
The College-Level Examination Program offers subject tests and general exams. Some colleges use the scores to award credit by examination to entering freshmen.
College
A school that offers postsecondary education or a large subdivision of a university, like the College of Business or the College of Arts and Sciences.
Commuter students
Students who live at home instead of on campus.
Consolidation
Lets you combine several student loans into one loan. It can lower monthly payments and extend the repayment period, but you’ll probably pay more interest.
Conversion scholarship/loan
It requires recipients to provide certain services or pay back the funds received with interest.
Cosigner
Someone other than you who may be required to sign your promissory note. The cosigner has to pay the loan back if you don’t. Sometimes called endorser.
Credit by examination
Process in which students can earn credit for college-level knowledge by passing a test. CLEP lets students earn college credit this way.
Credit hour or clock hour
Unit of measurement for an educational program. While most community colleges and four-year colleges and universities use credit hours, some proprietary schools use clock hours.
Default
If you don’t repay a loan according to the terms agreed upon when you signed the promissory note, you’re in default.
Deferment
Lets you put off paying principal and/or interest for a while, depending on your type of loan.
Delinquency
When loan payments are late or missed. After 30 days, delinquency is reported to a credit bureau, which will hurt you if you try to borrow for a car or a house.
Diploma
Given in a nondegree program, usually a vocational or technical field, to prepare for a job. Diploma programs generally take nine to 18 months. This diploma is not the same as the diploma you receive when you graduate from high school.
Doctorate
A degree that usually takes three or more years after a bachelor’s to complete.
Entrance/exit counseling
Counseling sessions required before you get a federal student loan and when you leave school. They help you learn more about repayment and deferment options and what happens if you don’t repay your loans.
Expected family contribution (EFC)
Amount you and your family are expected to pay toward yearly college costs. The EFC is derived from need analysis of the family’s income and assets.
FAFSA
The Free Application for Federal Student Aid is the need analysis form all students must complete when applying for federal and state student aid. Some colleges also use the FAFSA to award scholarships.
Federal default fee
A fee charged to insure federal student loans in case you die, default or become permanently disabled.
Financial aid
Money from state and federal governments, colleges, private organizations, associations and companies to help pay the costs of a college education or technical training.
Financial aid package
Total financial aid a college awards a student. It may consist of several types of aid, including grants, scholarships, loans, work-study programs and others. Financial need, availability of funds, institutional aid policies and the number of students who need financial assistance all influence a financial aid package.
Financial need
The amount of higher education expenses that your expected family contribution (EFC) falls short of paying. Financial need equals the cost of education minus the EFC.
Forbearance
A period of time when the lender lets you suspend your payments or makes other financial arrangements based on your circumstances. Forbearance is granted at the lender’s discretion. Interest continues to accrue.
GPA
A grade point average is the sum of the graded points earned (usually A=4, B=3, C=2, D=1, F=0) divided by the numbers of hours attempted for courses taken during a semester.
Grace period
The time between your leaving school and having to start paying back your student loans. It’s usually six months, so it gives you time to begin work and establish cash flow before you have to make the first payment.
Graduate student
Student who has earned a bachelor’s degree and is working toward a master’s degree, doctorate or professional degree.
Grant
Financial aid award, generally based on financial need, to help pay the cost of higher education. A grant generally does not have to be repaid.
Higher education
Any education after high school
Institution
Often used to refer to a school that offers higher education
Institutional aid
Student financial aid administered by the school
Interest
A charge for a loan, usually a percentage of the amount borrowed
Kentucky Higher Education Assistance Authority (KHEAA)
State agency that helps students plan and pay for college by providing financial aid programs and free materials and information.
Kentucky Higher Education Student Loan Corporation (KHESLC)
Public agency that helps students pay for college by providing private loans.
Lender
Whoever loans you money for higher education. It can be the federal government, a college, a bank, a nonprofit state corporation, a credit union or some other financial institution.
Loan
Money borrowed to help pay higher education costs. Loans must be repaid with interest.
Loan Servicer
Whoever collects the money you pay on a student loan. It may not be the lender.
Major
Primary academic field of study in college.
Master’s
A degree that takes at least a year after the bachelor’s to complete.
Matriculation
Another word for enrollment
Merit-based
Financial aid based on academic, athletic or some other type of achievement.
Minor
Secondary academic field of study in college
MPN
The Master Promissory Note, a promissory note good for 10 years if you don’t change schools
Need analysis
Used to determine how much students and their families can reasonably be expected to pay toward college expenses. Updated each year to reflect changes in the economy.
Need-based
Financial aid based on the government’s need analysis formula.
Notification
The process by which the school or lender tells you about your loan type and amounts. You have to accept, reject or adjust the type or amount of the loan.
Origination fee
A fee charged by the lender
Plain language disclosure
A statement that discloses loan terms and conditions that must be provided to you before or at the time of disbursement on a federal student loan.
Postbaccalaureate
After a bachelor’s degree
Postsecondary
“After high school.” Postsecondary education can be received at a college, university, community and technical college, proprietary school or off campus.
Pre-college curriculum
Specific credits high school students are required to complete for admission into Kentucky’s public universities
Prepayment
Making loan payments before the due date. All or part of a student loan may be prepaid without penalty. Also called accelerated payment.
Principal
The basic amount of a loan before interest is added and/or fees are deducted. Also called the face amount.
Private loan
A loan from a bank or lender other than the federal government.
Professional degree
A degree in such fields as dentistry, law and medicine. These usually take at least six years to complete.
Promissory note
A legally binding contract between you and the lender. It establishes the conditions under which you borrow money and the terms under which you have to repay it.
Proprietary schools
Privately owned schools that provide a wide range of courses of study, such as cosmetology, business and broadcasting. Programs range from two to 24 months and lead to certificates, diplomas, or degrees in a variety of subjects.
Repayment schedule
A repayment summary that discloses your monthly payment amount, the due date for payments, the interest rate, the total amount you owe and the length of the repayment term. The holder of the loan sends this to you.
SAT
A college entrance exam accepted at many Kentucky colleges. This multiple choice test has two sections — math and reading/ writing. A written essay is optional. Scores are used for admissions purposes and in awarding scholarships.
SAT Subject Test
A one-hour test in a specific subject such as mathematics, science, English, or a foreign language. More selective schools require two or three for freshman placement.
Satisfactory academic progress
A school’s written standard of how it expects students to progress. To continue receiving federal student aid, you have to meet certain requirements regarding grade level, credits earned and grade point average.
Scholarship
A financial aid award to help pay for higher education. Scholarships generally do not have to be repaid and are normally based on ability, talent or achievement.
School certification
The process a school uses to document your eligibility for a student loan. It is required for all federal student loans and for some private loans.
Student Aid Report (SAR)
Document produced from information provided on the FAFSA and sent to the student. The SAR reports the student’s eligibility for aid and expected family contribution (EFC).
Technical school
A school that provides training in technical fields. Often called a trade school.
Transcript
Cumulative academic record that lists courses taken, grades received and credits or credit hours received.
Tuition
The amount schools charge for instruction and for the use of certain school facilities, such as libraries.
Undergraduate
College student who has not yet earned a degree.
University
A school that offers degrees beyond a bachelor’s, such as a master’s or a doctorate.
Waiver
Arrangement under which a school does not charge specific costs if a student meets certain qualifications.
Work-study
Employment that lets students earn money to help pay the cost of higher education.